Hello and happy Friday. We have made it
to the best day of the week. I'm Koi
Wire. This is CNN 10, your 10 minutes of
news where I simply tell you the what,
letting you decide what to think. We are
finishing this week strong, starting
with the latest on Israel and the United
States war with Iran. Tomorrow marks one
week since the war began. The
fast-moving conflict has widened
throughout the Middle East, and its
impact is being felt around the world.
This is just the latest escalation in a
long complex history involving Iran, the
US, and Israel. Tensions have been
growing for decades over issues like
control of Iran's oil, the country's
desire for a nuclear program, and the
fight for political influence throughout
the Middle East. Let's begin. In 1951,
Iran elected Prime Minister Muhammad
Mosad, who pushed to nationalize the
country's oil fields or bring them back
under control from the British
government. The move, while popular in
Iran, worried some Western governments
who saw it as a potential win for the
Soviet Union at the height of the Cold
War. In 1953, Mosad was removed from
power as part of a US-backed coup that
overthrew Iran's democratic government.
He was replaced by US supported Iranian
monarch Muhammad Raza Palabi who then
ruled the country as the sha or king for
more than two decades. The sha remained
a close ally of the US but many Iranians
resented the foreign interference
fueling an anti-American sentiment in
the country. During this period the US
helped Iran begin building out a civil
nuclear energy program. The capital city
of Tehran looked much different than it
does today. Women were not required to
dress modestly. The influence of Western
culture was prevalent and Iranian
universities flourished. Then in 1979,
everything changed with the Iranian
revolution. Millions of Iranians took to
the streets to protest the Sha's regime,
which they viewed as corrupt and
illegitimate. Secular protesters opposed
his authoritarianism, while Islamist
protesters opposed his modernization
agenda.
The sha was forced to flee the country
and Iran transformed from a
westernbacked monarchy to an Islamic
republic. That's a form of government in
which religious leaders hold majority
political power. This new government was
led by Supreme Leader Ayatollah Raola
Kmeni, an Islamic scholar who'd been
exiled during the Sha's reign. He served
until his death in 1989. He was
succeeded by the nation's most recent
Supreme Leader Ali Kamani who was killed
last week in the US-Israeli military
strikes in Thran. The Iranian revolution
marked a stark shift in Iranian
relations with both the US and Israel.
It was marked by events like the Iran
hostage crisis when dozens of American
citizens were held hostage in Thran for
444 days. And in the five decades since,
tensions between these countries have
continued to grow. From every corner of
the world, nations and people have
voiced their strong revulsion and
condemnation of Iran and have joined us
in calling for the release of the
hostages.
>> Iran's current government does not
recognize the state of Israel. And
Israel has long accused Iran of using
their nuclear energy program to develop
nuclear weapons. There's no indication
Iran currently has developed any, though
the country has built a stockpile of
enriched uranium, a precursor to
building nuclear weapons. In 2015, Iran
reached a landmark deal with the US and
five other world powers to scale back
its nuclear program in exchange for the
lifting of sanctions or economic
penalties. President Donald Trump
withdrew the US from that deal during
his first term in 2018. And in June of
2025, the US struck a series of key
Iranian nuclear facilities with the goal
of destroying Iran's nuclear program.
Earlier this year, Iran was rocked by
unrest as anti-government protests
unfolded across the nation. The
government's brutal crackdown resulted
in the deaths of thousands of
protesters. This brings us to the
present. Less than a week ago, the
United States and Israel launched a
joint military attack across Iran,
calling them preemptive attacks. Key
leaders throughout Iran's government
were killed and Iran has retaliated with
strikes throughout the Middle East.
Pop quiz shot. Which two US states do
not observe daylight saving time?
California, Nevada, Texas and Oklahoma,
Hawaii and Arizona, or Alaska and
Arizona?
It's your time to shine if you said
Hawaii and Arizona. Most of Arizona
stays on standard time all year except
for the Navajo Nation lands which
stretch across multiple states. The
tribal government chose to adopt
daylight savings so the entire
reservation stays on the same time. All
right, get ready to spring forward, set
those clocks ahead, and yes, sadly lose
an hour of sleep. Sunday marks the
beginning of daylight saving time. At 2
a.m., clocks across much of the US and
other countries will spring forward an
hour and stay that way until November.
That means one less hour of sleep for
many of us. So why do we have daylight
saving? The tradition has its roots in
train schedules put into practice by the
US and Europe during World War I to save
fuel and power. The twice a year system
we're most familiar with came about in
1966 when Congress passed the Uniform
Time Act, establishing a nationwide
system. If you're not a fan, you are not
alone. Some studies show the 1-hour
change can disrupt body rhythms tuned to
the Earth's rotation. Some lawmakers
have listened to their constituents
complaints. 19 states have passed
legislation to make DST permanent. It
can't take effect though unless Congress
changes the federal law.
This Women's History Month, we have been
highlighting some of the groundbreaking
women of our time. Today, we are
learning about someone whose work
quietly shaped the internet. Karen Spark
Jones helped invent the technology that
makes modern search engines possible.
Most early computer scientists were
trying to convince users to use code to
make computers do what they wanted. But
Spark Jones was the first person to
teach computers to understand human
language instead. The self-taught
British computer scientist spent decades
studying how machines understand
language, a field known as natural
language processing. In the 1970s, she
developed a method called inverse
document frequency. The idea was simple.
Figure out which words in a document
were actually important. Common words
like the or and don't tell a computer
much, but specific words help narrow
down exactly what someone is searching
for. The technology is essentially using
language in a very uh limited kind of
way. It uses so-called extracted terms.
That's to say, we use single terms or
pairs of words defined just by proximity
in a text or by constant co-occurrence
over a text. That says something that
there is some kind of relationship
between them. We don't know what it is,
but with any luck, it'll be useful to
us. Her discovery became a key part of
the technology behind modern search
engines like Google. So, when you type a
question into a search bar and instantly
get results, you are seeing Karen Spark
Jones work in action. In honor of
ReadAcross America week, we are
highlighting some of your favorite books
and books you are reading right now.
Maria Sanchez at St. Anthony School in
Zouri, New Mexico says her favorite book
of all time is The Outsiders by SE
Hinton. Mariah writes, "This book makes
me happy in ways I didn't know were
possible. The story line as well as the
characters are written very well and
tells a tale that will never get old.
Awesome stuff. Thank you for sharing
your reading list with us. I've got a
shout out today to some Arerodite
viewers who caught something I said this
week that was technically incorrect
talking about the J-Tech invention that
converts heat into electricity. I said
it creates energy when in actuality I
should have said it converts the heat
energy because according to the first
law of thermodynamics, energy cannot be
created or destroyed. It can only be
transferred or converted from one form
to another. So, shout out to Mrs. P's
science class at Lennox Middle School in
Lennox, California. Thank you for
keeping us on point like decimals. Play
that Friday music nod there. Go out,
make yourself a wonderful weekend. Make
someone smile. You never know when or
how or who, but you may be the light
someone needs. I'm Ky Wire. This is CNN
10. It's been a blessing to spend this
week with you.
Heat.
Heat.
Heat up
here.
Yeah.
Heat.